Whereas, the fourth broad function of the Earth Federation is "to regulate world trade, communications, transportation, currency, standards, use of world resources, and other global and international processes" (Article 1.4);
Whereas, specific powers of the Earth Federation include the power to "define and regulate procedures for the nomination and election of members of each house of the World Parliament" (Article 4.7);
Whereas, the Earth Federation is responsible to protect the civil liberties identified in Article 12, including "freedom to vote without duress, and freedom for political organization and campaigning without censorship or recriminations" (Article 12.5);
Whereas, the Earth Federation is responsible to "define standards and promote worldwide improvement in working conditions," standards of living, healthcare, sanitation, and other basic necessities for a quality of life for world citizens, including protection of the environment and the ending of war (Article 13);
Whereas, the Earth Federation is responsible to "regulate and supervise supra-national trade, industry, corporations, businesses, cartels, professional services" (Article 4.14), and international communications (Article 4.13);
Whereas, in some major nations today, corporations have been granted "legal personhood," giving them all the rights and privileges of private human persons, with the exception that these corporations cannot die, that individuals operating within the corporation are protected from liability because the corporation itself is considered a collective "person," that corporations are entities without a conscience mandated solely to make a private profit for their investors, and that corporations, in spite of their vast impact on society, may claim privacy from public scrutiny, and other rights of private persons;
And whereas, within such nations, corporate personhood has given corporations the "free speech" of private persons through which they have used their vast economic resources to colonize and destroy the democratic process, engineering the election of law-makers beholden to the corporations, employing professional lobbyists for their private ends, and using a variety of means to manipulate government in the service of minority private interests;
And whereas, within the world prior to the advent of the Earth Federation, democracy has been compromised nearly everywhere by the wealth and power of the few to colonize governments and communications systems;
Therefore,
Be it enacted by the Provisional World Parliament:
Article 1.
Only flesh and blood human beings shall have the rights of legal persons as identified in Articles 12 and 13 of the Earth Constitution.
Article 2.
Private corporations under the regulative jurisdiction of the Earth Federation shall be incorporated . by the World Parliament or its designated agents with legal mandates specifically defining their functions, responsibilities, and modes of operation.
2.1. These legal mandates empowering corporations to perform certain economic operations shall be defined within a framework considering:
2.1.2. protection of democracy,
2.1.3, protection of the environment,
2.1.4 promotion of economic prosperity among people and communities effected by their operations, and, in general,
2.1.5 the common good of the citizens of the Earth Federation.
Article 3.
Private, profit-oriented corporations shall not have the right, as collective entities, to promote any candidate for election or any political cause within the Earth Federation, nor to contribute funds or campaign contributions or other economic support to candidates for office.
3.1. However, individuals working within any corporation, shall have the free and full right to participate in promoting candidates for election or any political cause they may choose,
3.2. Individuals working within any corporation shall have the right to contribute funds to political campaigns within whatever limits may be defined by subsequent legislation of the World Parliament.
Article 4.
Private individuals shall have the right to promote candidates or causes of their choice within the legal criteria legislated by the World Parliament. Such criteria shall be formulated within a framework that limits the ability of wealthy individuals to unduly influence or colonize the political process.
Article 5.
Non-profit political associations of private individuals (as, for example, political parties, advocacy groups, or think tanks) shall be registered with the Earth Federation and operate within whatever legal limits, transparency, and other criteria as may be defined by subsequent legislation of the World Parliament.
Article 6.
Elections conducted under the World Parliament, beginning at the First Operative Stage of the Earth Federation, shall be free, fair, and monitored by independent observers.
6.1. Each candidate shall use a government defined and paid for information booklet (which may also be electronic), of a standard size and overall format that shall be used for campaign purposes (as specified in Article 8.3.1.5 of the Earth Constitution).
6.2. Each candidate shall have equal access to public communications media (electronic or print) under limits and conditions defined by the World Parliament.
6.3. Each candidate shall have the right to use private communications media (electronic or print) as paid for by non-profit advocacy groups or contributions of private citizens under limits and conditions as defined by the World Parliament.
Article 7.
Private, profit-making communications media that are international in scope also fall under the category of corporations and agencies requiring regulation by the Earth Federation (Articles 1.4 and 4.13).
7.1. Profit-making communications corporations shall not be recognized as legal persons within the Earth Federation.
7.2. The Provisional World Parliament recognizes that profit-making communications corporations may play in important role in fostering democratic processes, the diversity of voices necessary to vigorous dialogue and debate, and disseminating information necessary to democratic decision-making.
7.3. With this possibly important role in mind, the World Parliament may wish to define legal incorporation for such entities differently from that from other profit-making corporations.
7.4. Nevertheless, the legal powers of profit-making communications corporations shall be defined within a framework directed toward maximizing the democratic powers of individual persons for participation in political processes and protecting the rights of individual persons to speech and political participation as define in Articles 12 and 13.
7.5. The framework identified in 7.4 may be fostered, for example, through anti-trust or anti-cartel laws that break up media conglomerates into a number of smaller, competing voices, or through legislation requiring the airing of opposing viewpoints.
Article 8.
When considering legislation concerning the items specified under this Democracy Enhancement and Corporate Personhood Abolition Act, the World Parliament shall seek input from each of the agencies within the Integrative Complex of the Earth Federation and from any other ministry or agency of the Federation deemed appropriate.
8.1. Since the World Boundaries and Elections Administration (Article 8.3) is responsible to define the procedures for properly democratic elections (8.3.1.5) and defines the rules for world political parties (8.3.1.6), this agency shall submit annual reports to the World Parliament regarding the successes and difficulties of democratic elections with respect to the functioning of concentrations of private wealth (wealthy individuals or profit-making corporations) and with respect to the operations of communications corporations.
8.2. These reports shall include factual assessments of the degrees to which free and fair popular democracy in the service of the majority of people is disrupted by private wealth, profit-making corporations, and/or communications corporations.
Article 9.
Penalties for violations of this act shall be determined by the World Parliament and enforced by the world police and world courts.
9.1. All penalties shall apply to individuals and none to corporations, since it is individuals who break the law, not abstract legal entities.
9.2. The penalties and courts shall normally assess greater responsibility to those higher up in the corporate hierarchy, keeping in mind that "obeying orders" from one’s boss does not fully exonerate any individual who knowingly breaks the law.